Hydraulic motor for hay-presses.



n. HouK. l Hvmuuc MoTon ron HAYPnEsses.

APPLICATION F|LE D MA|L`28| 1916.

Patented Jan. 7,1919.

In I

" UNITED `sunsrus PATENT oFnIoE.

RICHARD HOUK, OF LOS ANGEIiES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB OF ON EIIALF T0MARYS. ROLLINS, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. y

HYDRAULIC Moron Fon HAY-rimesse.y It

Specication of Letters Patent.

Application mea March es, 191e.` serial No. 87,178.

To all wmml it may concern: y y

Be it known that I, RICHARD HoUK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, inthe county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydraulic Motors for Hay-Presses, ofwhich the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in baling presses. has particularreference to a portable baling press that is adapted for ope-ration byhydraulic power.

It is an objeft of the invention to provide a hydraulic baling press inwhich a power cylinder may be employed for operating the platen of thepress, the water or other fluid which is to operate the piston of the cl-v inder heilig compressed under a suita le head or pressure to exertall the power required for pressing the material to bebaled, while waterat a lower pressure is also kept increa'diness for withdrawing theplunger after the pressing operation.

lt is also an object of the invention to provide a portable baling presshaving a motor or engine thereon capable, not only, of securing thehydraulic pressure necessary, but of moving the portable device fromplace to place. y

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in certainnovel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts, as will behereinafter fully described and claimed.

ln the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view partiallyin section and partially in elevation of the parts of the hydraulicmechanism with con-` necting pipes and controlling valves.

Fig. 2 is au enlarged side elevation of a portion of the baling pressshowing the valve changing mechanism employed for turning the `powerirst into `one end of the power cylinder and then intothe other endthereof. i

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view of the same me'hanism, showing thesame upon an enlarged scale, and with parts broken away to better showits structure.

Fig. 4. is a detail fragmentary` sectional View taken upon the line 6-6of Fig.` 2.

Fig. is a longitudinal, vertical central sectional viewthrough amodified form of the baling mechanism, showin the same when adapted to`operate, a d ou le plunger devlce.

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide al hydraulic balinpressin which theapparatus is light and easily moved from place to placeupon its own wheels i Patented Jan. `'7, 1919.

and under its own. power, the motor thereof 4 being used to pum andactuate the hydraulic columns, t at are employed `for reciprocating theplaten or plunger of the ballng chamber `or chambers. The mechanlsm isparticularly well suited for opera-` tion in places and sections ofthecountry where it is difficult to obtain large quantities of water, andespecially in dry setions where care must be used that water is notwasted.` For this reason also the device does not require thetransportation of a large quantity of water, the same water being usedover and over again.

ln the accompanying drawings preferred embodiments of the invention"have been illustrated and the details and features of the baline presswill now be more specifically describe( reference being had to saiddrawings. Tn the drawings 10 indicates the frame of a baling press, 11the front or guide wheels thereofyand 12 the rear or driving wheels. Thewheels are secured beneath the frame 10 in any usual or preferred mannerand the front wheels 11 are carried bythe usual steering knurkles 13 sothat they may be turned for steering the vehicle. Thus when the gears inthe box 17 are properly set in the usual way motion may be imparted tothe drive wheels from the transmission shaft 16, or said shaft 16 may bepermitted to run freely without bein connected with the jack shaft 18`when it is not desired to move the vehicle. i

ln order to obtain the desired hydraulic power for accomplishing thebaling operation, a pump 22 of any preferred type is mounted upon aplatform which projects from one side of the vehicle frame 10. The crankshaft 24 of said pump is provided at one end with a sprocket wheel 25adapted to be connected by a sprocketchain 26, with a sprocket wheel onthe shaft 16. Thus when the shaft 16 is connected by a clutch 15 withthe engine shaft the sprocket chain 26 may be made to transmit power tothe shaft of the pump and. operate the same for deliver- -ing hydrauliccolumns to the power cylinder i in the forward part of the machine. Whenthe device is used as a one Way, or one platen press the piston 28 isconnected b a piston rod 30 with a baling platen or p unger 31. Saidplaten is usually provided with antifriction rollers at 32 and 33 forfacilitating the easy movement of the platen within the baling chamber34 of the press. The said piston rod 30 passes through a gland 35 in oneend of the cylinder 29 so that the pressure employed in the cylinder maynot escape around the said piston rod.

The pump 22 operates to force a column of water either directly orindirectly into the power cylinder. The water is preferablycarriedindirectly to the cylinder ends, being-forced through a pipe 36into a pressure tank 37. The tank 37 is of a proper .size to permit theentrapping of considerable 4quantity of a-ir in the upper end of thetank by the water which is forced into the same near the bottom thereof.A pressure gage 39 is secured to the upper end of the tank to show theamount of pressure maintained within the tank. A blow ofi' device 38 isusually interposed in the pipe 36 to prevent the pressure fromaccumulating in the tank 37 above a certain degree. The direction ofthehydraulic columns toward and awav from the pressure cylinder 29 iscontrolled by a suitable valve mechanism, usually carried in a valvecasing 40. The water from the tank 37 is delivered through an outletpipe41, the end of which extends to a point near the bottom of said tank soas to be submerged at all times. A Valve 42 in the pipe 4l may beemployed for controlling the passage of liquids in said pipe. A pipe 43leads from the valve casing 40 to one end of the power cylinder 29,while a pipe 44 leads from another portion of said valve casing to theother end of said power cylinder 29. The valve chamber 40 is preferablyan elongated one adapted to receive an elongated piston or valve 45. Thepipe 41 is preferably somewhat offset with respect to the pipe 43,wherethe said pipes enter the said valve chamber or casing 40. The valve45 carries a double piston portion 46 adapted to control the flow ofwater from the pipe 41 to the pipe 43 and thep'ower cylinder 29. Thecentral portion of the valve 45 is provided with a double piston portion47 which controls the passage of water through a pipe 48 to the watertank or receptacle 49. The pump 22 draws water from said tank 49 throughany suitable suction pipe 50. In the preferred type of applicants devicein which a one way press platen is used, provision is made forwithdrawing the platen by the use of a hydraulic column under lesspressure than the column which forces the platen against the materialsto be pressed. For this reason an auxiliary pressure tank 51 is usedwhich is connected with 'the central portion of the valve casing 40 by apipe 52. The said tank 51 is also connected with a point near one end ofthe valve casing 40 by a pipe 53. The said p ipe 53 and the pipe 44 soenter the valve casing 40 that a double piston 54 on the valve 45 maycontrolboth of said pipes as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. Theadjacent ends of the pipes 48 and 52 are controlled by the centralpiston portion 47 of the said valve. The pipe 53 is also connected withthe pipe 41 by a cross pipe 55 having a valve 56` for controlling thesame. The tank v51 is also connected with the water tank 49 by the pipe57 which is provided with a safety valve 58. The water tank 49 is not aclosed tank, no pressure being maintained therein and the Water from thepipes 48 and 57 drop into the same under thel action of gravity. Thevalve 45 is preferably automatically operated in conjunction with themovement of the baling platen or platens, the mechanism being the samewhether t-he machine is used for a single platen or a double one. Thevalve stern 60 is'provided with tappets 61 suiiciently separated toreceive the round end of an operating arm 62. The said arm 62 is securedt0 the end of a rock shaft 63 which extends from the side of the machineoccupied by the valve meehanism across the frame to the other sidethereof where an actuating lever 64 is secured thereto. The saidactuating lever is connected by a spring 65 with one end of a lever 66which is pivoted to the frame at a point adjacent to the said lever 64as at 67. The/lower end of the lever 67 is provided-*with an elongatedslot 68 adapted to engage a pin 69 which projects from the side of areciprocating bar or rod 70. In order to lock and positively hold thevalve against. premature movement. the lever 64 carries an enlarged headportion 71,having a curved edge concentric with the shaft 63 andprovided about centrally of its curved edge portion with a recess ofsockets 72. Latch members 73 and 74 are mounted upon a plate 75 adjacentto the said head portion 71, the inner ends of said latch members beingadapted to alternately engage the said recess 72 for locking the lever64 in the extremes of its movement. Springs 76 and 77 hold the saidlatch members 73 and 74 in position againstl the head 71. The said latchmembers are alternately lifted out of the socket or recess 72 by campieces 78 and 79 which are fastened to the bar .70. As the barapproaches the ends of its movements one or the other of said cam piecesis adapted to engage the rounded outer ends of the latch' pieces 73 and74 for moving them against the action of their -springs and releasingthe lever 64 wherebv said lever may be thrown by the action of thespring 65 for moving the 4valve with -a positive action to the oppositelthereof. rlhe structure is such thatwhen the platen has nearlycompressed the material placed before it on its pressure stroke,

the projection 80 will engage the projection 81 and carrv the bar 70 sothat the cam 78 will disconnect the latch 73 from the recess 72. The,lever 66 having also been moved by the bar 70 will cause the spring 65to pull upon the said lever 64, so that when the said lever is releasedfrom the latch it will be quickly thrown to the other extreme of ltsmovement. thus operating to throw the valve 45. The return movement ofthe platen 31 will move the bar 7 0 in the other direction causing thecam 791 to release the latch 74 from the recess 72 also movin-g thelever 66 to the other side of the aYis of the shaft 63, so that thespring will again throw the lever 64 and reverse the 'position of thevalve. 'llhe valve will thus be positively thrown at the extrememovements of the platen, but will be positively held while the platen istraveling from one end of its stroke to the other. t

The mechanism described both for the operation of the valve and for theconnection of the valve mechanism with the tanks and pump is adapted foruse with a press having onlv one pressing platen, or for one having adouble platen or two oppositely operating platens. Such a double platendevice is shown in Fig. 5. in which two platens 83 and 84 are employedand connected to the opposite ,ends of a plunger rod 85. ln this casethe. plunger rod passes through packing glands at each end of the powercylinder 86. ln this instance the power cylinder 86 is preferablymounted upon trunnions 87, which project from the opposite sides of thesaid cvlinder and engage bearings in cross hars 88 and 89 on the frame,whereby the plunger which extends to the' two platens may move freely,.the cylinder being capable of accommodating itself to their movement. dpiston 90 is secured to the said plunger rod 85 and is adapted toreceive pressure from either end of the cylinder in operating the twoplatens. In this structure also two baling chambers as 91 and 92 arearranged in the frame of a machine so that one plunger is compressed inone chamber while it 1s beingwithdrawn from a new ycharge in the other.

In the operation ofthe device, the power mechanism is arranged the samefor a machine having a single platen or a double platen. When the singleplatenmachine is employed the pump 22, driven by theengine 14, forceswater drawn from the tank 49,

through the pipe 36 into the tank 37.` When Y the valve 45 is in theposition shown in Fig. 1,with the valve 56 closed the water will beforced through the pipe 41 and into the Olpe 43, against the piston 28.The piston will thus be operated to force the platen 31 against thematerials inserted in the baling chamber 34, so as to compress thesame.`

The water in ,the end of the power cylinder 2.9, which is next to theplaten31 will be `.forced out through the. pipe '44 and thence throughthe valve casing to the pipe 52 and into the auxiliary pressure tank 51.The

valve '93 in the pipe 53 is kept open when the device is operating asingle platen, but while the valve is in the position shown in Fig. 1the water from the tank 51 is cut od' by the piston portion 54 of saidvalve 45. Any excess of pressure in the tank 51 will force its waypastthe safety valve 58 into the tank 49. rllhe rod 70 ismoved at the sametime or when Athe" platen nearly reaches the end of its compressionstroke, to operate the valve mechanism and reverse the valve 45, so thatthe pipe'e41 will be closed and the pipe 53 will be open. This movementof the valve i5 also opens the pipe v43 to the exhaust pipe 48, so thatthe water in the high pressure end of the pressure cylinder 2,9 can runback into the tank 49. The valve will at the same time close the pipe 52and open the pipe 44 to receive the water from the pipe 53. The pressurein the tank 51 while much less than that in the tank 37, is howeversufficient to carry the piston 28 with the platen 31 to the `positionshown in Fig. 1 again, at which power to return the piston 28 with theplaten 31 carried thereby. The employment of `differential pressures iseconomical in the operation of a single platen press and prevents thenecessity of moving water to any great extent and the maintaining of astrong head upon the side of the piston which requires littlepressure/for operation. i

Applicants device is also so constructed required on both sides of thepower piston 90. It is only necessary in order to secure this power toclose the valve 93 and open the valve 56. In this instance when the piston 45 of the valve mechanism is in the posit-ion shown in Fig. 1pressure will be delivered from the tank 37 into the left hand end ofthe power cylinder 29. When the piston is to be reversed and the valve45 has been moved to the other end of its stroke, the pressure from thehigh cylinder 37 sends the hydraulic column through pipe 41, pipe 55,upper end of pipe 53 into the valve casing, and thence through the pipe44 into the right hand end of the power cylinder. At

' this time the left hand end of the cylinder will exhaust through thepipe 43, valve casing, and pipe 48 into the tank 49. When the power 1sbeing delivered into the left hand end of the power cylinder, the righthand end will exhaust through pipe 44, valve casing and pipe 52 to theauxiliary tank 51, and thence through the pipe 57 into the tank 49. Itwill be observed with what facility the hydraulic mechanism may bechanged for use with asingle platen press, or for use with adoubleplaten press. It will also be seen that either type of press can beoperated with a Very small quantity of water, facilitating theemployment of the baling press in dry sections and at points dist-antfrom water supplies. When the press is to be moved from place to placethe chain 26 is generally removed and the gears in the gear box 17 areshifted to permit the engine to drive the tractionl wheels.

What is claimed is:

1. A hydraulic motor comprising in combination a cylinder with pistonand piston rod therein, means for maintaining a hydraulic column under ahigh pressure and connected to lone end of said cylinder, means formaintaining a hydraulic column under a low pressure and connected withthe opposite end of said cylinder, and means for automatically andalternately connecting said high and low pressures with said cylinder,

for the purpose described.

2. A hydraulic motor comprising in combination, a. cylinder, a pistonand piston rod therein, a pressure tank connected with one end of saidcylinder'` means for maintaining high pressure in said pressure tank, anauxiliary pressure tank with connections to the opposite end of saidcylinder, means for maintaining a lower pressure in said tank,

and means for automatically connecting said pressure tanks jalternatelyto said cylinder for moving said piston and piston rod, substantially asdescribed.

3. A hydraulic motor comprising in com, bination, a cylinder, a'pistonand piston rod therein, a pressure tank, means for maintaining pressuretherein, means connecting the same to said cylinder, an auxiliarypressure tank connected to said cylinder, a receptacle connected to saidcylinder and to vsaid auxiliary tank, and valve mechanism forcontrolling said several connecting communications.

4. A hydraulic motor of the character referred to comprising incombination a power cylin er, a piston therein, a pump for moving ahydraulic column under pressure, mean for driving said pump, anauxiliary pressure system adapted to receive a portion of the hydrauliccolumn under reduced pressure` and means for delivering the full forceof the hydraulic column into said cylinder for moving its piston under aload.

5. A hydraulic motor comprising in combination a power cylinder, apiston therein, a pressure tank adapted to receive a liquid, means forcompressing the liquid against a body of air in said pressure tank,piping for delivering said pressure to one side of said piston forcausing its movement under a load, an auxiliary pressure tank adapted toreceive exhaust pressure 'and liquid from said cylinder from one side ofthe piston, a`

valve mechanism adapted to control the admission of a hydraulic columnto either side of the piston, the structure being such that the columnunder a high pressure can be delivered to one side of the piston, whilethe auxiliary pressure tank will be caused to deliver al lower pressureto the other side of said piston to accomplish its return movement, andmeans for receiving the overflow of the liquid from either side of thepiston.

6. In a device of the character referred to, a cylinder, a pistontherein, a high pressure tank, a low pressure tank, means connectingsaid tanks, respectively, to said cylinder at opposite sides of saidpiston, and a valve mechanism with means for automatically operating thesame for directing the high pressure to one side of the piston and thelow pressure to the other side thereof, and means for maintaining thepressure in said high pressure tank, substantially as described.'

7 .Y In a device of the character referred to, in combination, a powercylinder, a piston therein, a high pressure tank, means for maintaininghigh pressure therein, means connecting the same to said cylinder at oneside of said piston, a low pressure tank connected to said cylinder atthe opposite side of said piston, a receptacle, connections therefrom tosaid high and low pressure tanks, and valve mechanisms for controllingthe communications between said pressure tanks and said cylinder, andsaid receptacle, substantially as described.l

8. In a 4device of the character described, in combination,.a powercylinder, a piston therein, a high pressure tank, connections therefromto said cylinder at one side of said piston, means for maintainingpressure in said high pressure tank, a low pressure tank, connectionstherefrom to said cylinder at the opposite side of said piston, meanswhereby the pressure in said, low pressure tank is maintained by themovement of said piston under the high pressure, Valve mechanisms forv'alternately connecting said high pressure tank and said low pressuretank to said cylinder, at opposite sides of said piston, and means forautomatically operating said valve mechanisms.

9.` In a device ofthe character referred to, in combination, a powercylinder, apistonv therein, a highupressure tankgpipe connectionstherefrom for connecting it to either end of said cylinder, valvemechanisms for controlling said connections, means for `maintainingpressure in said high pressure tank, a low pressure tank, connectionsthere l'from to said cylinder at one side of said pishigh pressure tankthrough said first mentioned means, substantially as andfor the purposedescribed.

In testimony whereof, I have. hereunto Set'my hand, incpresence of twowitnesses.

RICHARD HOUK.

Witnesses:

CAssnLL SnvianANcn, l l Emmi R. .Poma

